The City of Valencia is located in the central part of the Province of Bukidnon. It lies between the grid coordinates 7° 47΄ and 8° 3΄ north latitude and 125° 48΄ east longitude. It is bounded on the north by the Municipality of Lantapan and Malaybalay City; on the east by the Municipality of San Fernando; on the west and southwest by the Municipalities of Pangantucan and Talakag; and on the south by the Municipalities of Maramag and Quezon.

From its core, which is the Poblacion, the City is 27 kilometers from the provincial capital of Malaybalay City and 118 kilometers from the regional center of Cagayan de Oro City. The means of transportation is by bus and private vehicles and covers approximately two (2) to three (3) hours ride.

The relative distance of the barangay from the City proper varies: four (4) barangays are more or less 5 kilometers away, 20 barangays are 6-15 kilometers away, while the remaining 7 barangays considered as the most interior, are situated 16 kilometers or more from the City proper.